SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SRI LANKA: A CASE STUDY OF MAHARAGAMA URBAN COUNCIL

Abstract

Solid waste management has become one of the major problems in Sri Lanka recently. Sri Lanka has not developed proper solid waste management system since independence. This study focused on solid waste management problem in Maharagama Urban Council (MUC) and to provide sustainable solutions. The objective of this study is to propose appropriate waste management practices for MUC and, in order to determine the best practices, it has examined the current practices, challenges and issues. Data from both primary and secondary sources were collected. The analysis has focused on three alternative ways of solid waste management practices for Maharagama area. These alternatives have been taken by looking at present practices and in the interests of providing the best solution. After evaluating these three alternatives by using Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA), alternative two has emerged as the optimal choice, as it gives the highest Net Present Value. It was calculated by using the social discount rate. Alternative two outsources the bio degradable solid waste to a private company, which produces fertilizer for the local market. In addition, non biodegradable waste is then used for recycling and is sold in the market. It is necessary to implement some other procedure along with the alternative, such as compulsory classification of waste at source, introduction of different bin system in public areas, for the better implementation of alternative two. This alternative does not involve land filling activities nor open dumping, hence it does not damage to the environment. In addition, production of fertilizer and recycling of metal, plastic, glass and paper are helpful for the reduction of imports. As per the findings, if all local authorities introduce alternative two, it would increase the Gross Domestic Production of Sri Lanka.

Key Words: Solid Waste, Waste Management, Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA), Net Present Value (NPV)

For full paper: fmscresearch@sjp.ac.lk