GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR URBAN PLANNING: A CASE STUDY IN THIMBIRIGASYAYA WARD, COLOMBO

Abstract

This study aims to improve land clearance processes in the Urban Development Authority (UDA) with the support of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The objective is realized through the conduct of geographical analysis, query, and modeling. The study takes the Thimbirigasyaya Ward in the City of Colombo as a case for developing the land clearance system was taken into consideration under the study. The study was done to understand the context of land clearance processes in the UDA and to develop a digital system for land clearances. The study takes a critical look at how the UDA practices land clearances and monitoring, and applies information technology tools to support such functions. It reviews UDA regulations and identifies issues in land clearances and database management. The method that has been exercised in developing a Land Information System (LIS) is basically in three forms. They are (1) Identifications of shortcomings in the present system, (2) Identifications of target, (3) Finding ways in reaching the targets. Collection of data was first subjected to detailed study in order to find its accuracy and a database has been developed using data layers and attributes by converting analog maps and statistical data into digital form. Then land information was tested and verified for its accuracy. Selection of the study area was done through a suitability analysis and availability of updated data. A model was then developed using GIS tool. Its data accuracy was checked and found that the results had been in proper order. The developed LIS was compared with the existing processing system and was proved effective. The accuracy of the data is very important in the process of developing a good LIS. In this study checks were carried out to ensure data accuracy. Numerical checks including stepwise calculations and field measurements were done to verify the model. The system developed using GIS has a significant advantage over the existing system. Clear improvements were visible in the area of labor and time saving and also in the provision of alternative solutions. System output identified the present distribution and use of land parcels. This gives rise to the need of establishing norms for rational decision making. The UDA is basically benefited by this system on following: (1) Serve as platform to integrate data and facilitate data exchange, (2) Provides immediate access to data, (3) Spatial analysis for selection of alternative sites, and (4) Easy decision-making.

Keywords: Geographic Information Systems, Land Information System

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