ANTHROPOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM

Abstract

In an increasingly globalized world, different cultures intersect and the pursuit of social harmony remains a prominent goal more than ever. Cultural relativism is emerging as an essential framework for fostering mutual respect and cooperation in a society divided by anthropocentric ideas. Accordingly, this study discusses the need to embrace cultural relativism rather than ethnocentrism in order to create a harmonious society in which different cultural perspectives are not only accepted but also valued. The main objective of this research is to study the impact of anthropocentrism and cultural relativism on social cohesion in contemporary societies and a qualitative methodology was used for that study. That is, theoretical understanding through reference to literary sources and personal narratives of cultural perceptions and interactions through case studies and interviews. Social harmony is important in multicultural societies, but the findings suggest that ethnocentrism is often divisive by promoting the belief that one's own culture is superior, while, in contrast, cultural relativism is encouraged by valuing cultural diversity. It also recognizes how cultural relativism can foster a greater appreciation of diverse ethnic traditions, but its implementation is often challenged by social, political pressures, and personal biases. Therefore, in order to maximize the benefits of cultural relativism, awareness of the principles of cultural relativism and the negative effects of ethnocentrism through community programs, developing thinking and empathy, providing intercultural training, etc. can overcome the barriers of ethnocentrism and build a harmonious world that values ​​and celebrates all cultures.