MULTIPLICATION CHALLENGES ON THE DEMOCRACY OF SRI LANKA

Abstract

Sri Lanka’s democracy faces significant challenges, particularly in the wake of the 2022 economic crisis and political unrest. Since gaining independence in 1948, the country has struggled with issues such as executive overreach, corruption, and economic mismanagement. These problems have weakened democratic institutions and deepened public distrust. The research examines the impact of the concentration of power in the executive branch, especially following constitutional changes like the 20th Amendment, which limited checks and balances. The 2022 economic collapse intensified public dissatisfaction, leading to widespread protests against the ruling class. The study uses both primary and secondary data. Primary data includes interviews with civil society experts, political analysts, and legal professionals, providing insights into socio-political dynamics. Secondary data comprises constitutional amendments, government reports, and legislative documents to trace governance changes. Findings reveal that weak political institutions and corruption undermine democracy, even as external pressure for reform grows. Key issues include a lack of judicial independence, exclusion of marginalized ethnic groups, and poor governance. The study underscores the need for political and civil society collaboration to rebuild public trust and strengthen democratic values. Reforms focusing on reducing corruption, ensuring an independent judiciary, and promoting inclusivity are essential for long-term democratic stability. Without decisive action, the vision of a united, democratic Sri Lanka remains at risk.