Diversity of Waterbirds and Potential for Promoting Avitourism in Selected Regions in the Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

Abstract

Jaffna is renowned for its diversity of waterbirds, and it is one of the four richest waterbird regions in Sri Lanka. Therefore, waterbirds can play a key role in developing avitourism (‘bird-tourism’) in the Jaffna peninsula. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the diversity of waterbird species in selected areas inside the Jaffna District and to estimate the capability for promoting avitourism. Waterbirds were censused from January-July 2018 by using a spotting scope and binoculars. Simpson’s Index was used to estimate the waterbird diversity. The capacity to develop avitourism and availability of infrastructure were evaluated with a questionnaire survey from each neighborhood and foreign tourists, and from secondary information. Waterbird diversity was higher in the Island location (Simpson’s Index 0.86) compared to the Peninsular location (Simpson’s Index 0.78). The presence of rare species such as the Spotted-billed Duck (Anas poecilorhyncha) and high numbers of Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) increases the appeal for avitourists. It was found that most of the tourists (>50%) were unaware of the birding areas located in the Jaffna District. The supply of infrastructure such as accommodation, restaurant centers, telecommunication facilities, secure drinking water and sanitary facilities is at a medium to excessive level within the location (>50%). Bird watching centers and waste control centers are low within the vicinity (<50%). The high waterbird diversity and availability of infrastructure will help promote avitourism in Jaffna peninsula, especially at the sites included in the present study.

KEYWORDS: Birding areas, bird-tourism, ecotourism, infrastructure facilities, Jaffna District, waterbirds