Audience Response to Dance: An Analysis of Heart Rate Differences During Live Low-Country Dance Performances in Sri Lanka

Abstract

This study examines the heart rate differences from baseline among healthy volunteer spectators while watching different types of live Low Country dance performances, providing a scientific perspective on Sri Lankan traditional dance. The research problem was framed as follows: Are there any changes in the heart rate of spectators when watching different types of live Low Country dance performances? The study was conducted as cross-sectional research using 48 healthy volunteer participants during 2022–2023. Data was analyzed quantitatively. The scope of the study was limited to live performances of Low Country dance forms: Devol, Giri Dēvi, Gini Sisila, Salu Pāliya, Nonchi Kōlama, and Kalu Yakā dances. Heart rate was measured using 3-channel portable digital ECG monitors while participants observed the performances. The results indicated a reduction in mean heart rate from baseline across all performances. The mean decreases from baseline heart rate ranged from 2.11 bpm to 8.04 bpm. Among the dances, Nonchi Kōlama and Gini Sisila elicited the greatest decreases in heart rate, while the smallest reductions were observed in the Giri Dēvi (2.39 bpm) and Kalu Yakā (2.11 bpm) performances. However, no significant differences were observed across the dances based on movement qualities associated with masculinity or femininity. When the mean decrease in heart rate for different forms of dance was compared to a Devol dance without drumming (used as a control), significant differences were observed only in the Salu Pāliya and Kalu Yakā dances. This research demonstrated a decrease in spectators’ heart rates while watching live performances. The results suggest that dance can be developed as a relaxation technique. Preserving this art form holds relevance not only for cultural continuity but also for scientific research on well-being.