Cashew Culture in Sri Lanka

Abstract

Sri Lanka's cashew industry is deeply intertwined with its economic and cultural fabric. The increasing global demand for cashews has significantly benefited "Ceylon cashew," which began commercialization in Sri Lanka in the late 20^th century. This cultural significance, rooted in historical ties, regional cultivation practices, diverse culinary applications, and overall cultural importance, further bolsters their economic value. Policy changes and trade liberalization in the 1970s further incentivized the export of minor crops, including cashews. Identifying key milestones is crucial for understanding the sector's challenges and opportunities. This research employs a systematic literature review to explore cashew cultivation, its economic significance, and the cultural dimensions of Sri Lankan cashews, including their culinary and social uses. The analysis examines the cashew sector's future direction, addressing identified challenges and opportunities. The study's recommendations address the significant challenges posed by climate change and environmental impact, which can lead to reduced productivity and market volatility. Improved pest control, management of cashew imports, and enhanced extension services are crucial for the sector's sustainable growth and development, alongside value addition and product diversification. Furthermore, Sri Lanka's rich cashew culture presents valuable opportunities, such as promoting the health benefits of cashew nuts and developing cashew-related tourism, with the potential to improve socioeconomic conditions in the country.