Gender-Based Differences in Learning Aspirations

Abstract

Education serves as a fundamental tool in human resource development, with gender equality in educational participation playing a crucial role in fostering societal progress. This study examines gender-based variations in students' learning aspirations, subject selection, career expectations, and the factors influencing these aspirations. Employing a detailed research approach, a sample survey was conducted among students in government schools within the Sri Jayawardenapura Education Zone, Colombo District. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis, and findings were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods.  The study reveals that female students exhibit higher academic aspirations than their male counterparts, particularly in examinations and higher education pursuits. However, girls demonstrate a lower tendency to select subjects such as Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Design and Mechanical Technology. Career aspirations also differ by gender, with boys favoring industrial-sector professions while girls aspire to white-collar occupations. These preferences are shaped by early psychological and sociological influences, with boys prioritizing economic factors and girls emphasizing social considerations. Notably, boys display short-term career expectations and a tendency to seek rapid success, often disregarding education, whereas girls view education as a pathway to social mobility.  Findings further highlight structural and societal factors contributing to boys’ lower academic aspirations, including the feminization of schools, the limited presence of male teachers, and the lack of visible male role models in education. Additionally, family background and societal perceptions of education significantly influence students' aspirations. This study underscores the need for policy interventions aimed at addressing gender disparities in education and promoting balanced career aspirations among students.